Processors it is called as Brain of the computer. The Computer your using to read this page uses a processor to do its work. Most computer components are designed to perform only one or a limited number of functions, and they only do so when it is specifically requested of them. The device responsible for organizing the actions of these components is the processor, also referred to as the central processing unit, or CPU. As the “brain” of the computer, the processor receives requests from you, the user; determines the tasks needed to fulfill the request; and translates the tasks into signals that the required component(s) can understand. The processor also do math and logic calculations.
There are many CPU manufacturers link Intel, AMD, VIA, Cyrix, Motorola etc……
Specifications
Speed: Measured in Hz.
Width: Measured in bits. (Ex. 16 bit, 32 bit, 64 bit)
FSB (front side bus): measured in Hz.
Cache Memory: Measured in Bytes. (Ex. Kilo Bytes, Mega Bytes)
The processor or microprocessor has to be installed on the motherboard of the system. This is accomplished using one of several different methods. Early processors such as the 80286, 80386, and 80486 used a method called a pin grid array (PGA).
To know more about PGA refer this link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pin_grid_array .
To know more about PGA refer this link http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pin_grid_array .
The PGA was usually inserted into a socket called a zero insertion force (ZIF) socket or could be soldered directly to the motherboard..
ZIF is an acronym for zero insertion force, a concept used in the design of IC sockets, invented to avoid problems caused by applying force upon insertion and extraction.
To know more about ZIF refer this links http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_insertion_force .
In the beginning, a CPU socket was compatible with just one kind of processor. This story changed with the launching of the 486 processor and the massive use of ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) socket, also known as LIF (Low Insertion Force), which has a lever that installs and removes the CPU from the socket without the need of the user or the technician to press the CPU down in order to be installed on the socket. The use of this socket lowered a lot the chances of breaking or bending the CPU pins during its installation or removal. The use of the same pinout by more than one processor allowed the user or the technician to install different processor models on the same motherboard by just removing the old CPU and installing the new one. Of course the motherboard needed to be compatible with the new CPU being installed and also properly configured.
In the blow table I mentioned processor socket with compatible CPUs
| Socket | Pin Count | Example of Compatible CPUs |
| Socket 0 | 168 |
|
| Socket 1 | 169 |
|
| Socket 2 | 238 |
|
| Socket 3 | 237 |
|
| Socket 4 | 273 |
|
| Socket 5 | 320 |
|
| Socket 6 | 235 |
|
| Socket 7 | 321 |
|
| Socket Super 7 | 321 |
|
| Socket 8 | 387 |
|
| Socket 370 | 370 |
|
| Socket 423 | 423 |
|
| Socket 463 | 463 |
|
| Socket 478 | 478 |
|
| Socket 479
| 479 |
|
| Socket 775
| 775 |
|
| Socket 603 | 603 |
|
| Socket 604 | 604 |
|
| Socket 771 | 771 |
|
| Socket 418 | 418 |
|
| Socket 611 | 611 |
|
| Socket 462
| 453 |
|
| Socket 754 | 754 |
|
| Socket 939 | 939 |
|
| Socket 940 | 940 |
|
| Socket AM2 | 940 |
|
| Socket AM2+ | 940 |
|
| Socket S1 | 638 |
|
| Socket F | 1,207 |
|
| Slot 1 | 242 |
|
| Slot 2 | 330 |
|
| Slot A | 242 |
|
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